prior to the UML, there was no clear leading(1)language. Users had to choose from among many similar modeling languages with minor differences in overall(2)power. Most of the modeling languages shared a set of commonly accepted concepts that are expressed slightly differently in various languages. This lack of(3)discouraged new users from entering the OO market and from doing OO modeling, without greatly expanding the power of modeling. Users longed for the industry to adopt one,or a very few, broadly supported modeling languages suitable for(4)usage.Some vendors were discouraged from entering the OO modeling area because of the need to support many similar, but slightly different, modeling languages. In particular, the supply of add-on tools has been depressed because small vendors cannot afford to support many different formats from many different(5)modeling tools. It is important to the entire OO industry to encourage broadly based tools and vendors, as well as niche products that cater to the needs of specialized groups.

A．programming

B．modeling

C．formal

D．intelligent

B解析：在UML出來之前，沒有一個主流建模語言。用戶必須在很多類似的，在整個表達能力上區別不大的建模語言中進行選擇。大多數建模語言共享了一組被大眾接受的概念，這些概念在不同的語言中只有細微的區別。這種缺乏一致性的現象，阻止新的用戶進入　OO領域和進行OO建模，從而無法發揮建模的威力。用戶渴望采用一個(或不多的幾個)受廣大支持的建模語言，適合于通用用途。因為要支持很多類似的，但有細小區別的建模語言，所以一些開發商不愿意進入OO建模領域。特別是add-on工具的供應在萎縮，因為小開發商負擔不起支持很多的來自不